Digital Health Education for Teen Girls: The Effectiveness of Video Media in Enhancing Knowledge on Iron Deficiency Anemia Prevention
Edukasi Kesehatan Digital untuk Remaja Perempuan: Efektivitas Media Video dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan tentang Pencegahan Anemia Defisiensi Besi
Keywords:
Adolescent girls, Anemia, Digital, Health education, knowledgeAbstract
Background: Anemia remains a global health problem, especially among adolescent girls who are prone to iron deficiency due to increased needs during growth. Lack of knowledge about anemia prevention contributes to the high prevalence of this condition. Research Objective: To analyze the effect of health education using video media on adolescent girls' knowledge about anemia prevention. Methods: A quantitative study with a one-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design was conducted on 36 female students in grade XI at SMA Negeri 1 Sindue, selected through purposive sampling. Data were obtained using knowledge questionnaires before and after the intervention, then analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The study showed that the average knowledge score before the intervention was 10.47 (SD 1.682) with a range of 6–14, while after the intervention it increased to 14.83 (SD 0.378) with a range of 14–15. The statistical test produced a p-value <0.001, indicating a significant difference between the knowledge scores before and after the intervention. Conclusion: These findings indicate that video-based health education is effective in improving adolescent girls' knowledge about anemia prevention.
References
1. Basrowi RW, Zulfiqqar A, Sitorus NL. Anemia in Breastfeeding Women and Its Impact on Offspring’s Health in Indonesia: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2024 Apr;16(9):1285.
2. Millaty N, Shofia N, Mustika I, Aurelia N, Umamah NA, Safitri S, et al. Analysis of the Relationship between Adolescent Anemia and Micronutrient Intake. Proc Int Conf Halal Food Heal Nutr. 2024 Aug;2(1):1–12.
3. World Health Organization. Anemia. WHO. 2023.
4. Amani Z, Sebayang SK. The Effect Of Iron Supplementation And Other School-Based Support On Anemia Status In Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review. Indones Midwifery Heal Sci J. 2024 Jul;8(3):312–25.
5. Zaitun Z, Farid Rivai A. Prevention of Anemia with Iron in Adolescent Girls. J Medisci. 2024 Apr;1(5).
6. Survey kesehatan indonesia (Ski). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023 (SKI). Kemenkes. 2023;235.
7. Amsal, Subagyo I, Taqwin, Kusumawati dwi erma, Radhiah S, Eka Y, et al. prevalence and risk of anemia in adolescent girls in donggala district, central sulawesi. Poltekkita J Kesehat. 2023;
8. Melani M, Supriyatin D, Adnani QES, Susiarno H. Factors Associated with Anemia in Adolescents and Its Prevention Strategies: Systematic Review. J INFO Kesehat. 2024 Sep;22(3):646–62.
9. Nehar KN, Bakal RL, Hatwar PR, Gawai AY, Diwnale SS. Iron Deficiency Anemia: Etiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Approaches. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2024 Nov;14(11):185–99.
10. Rani Safitri, Mohammed Saifulaman Mohammed Said, Tut Rayani Aksohini Wijayanti. The Influence of Nutritional Anemia Education Media on the Knowledge Level of Adolescents in Anemia Prevention Literature Review. J Nurs Pract. 2024 Oct;8(1):176–83.
11. Dicky N. Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram Sebagai Media Edukasi Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Tentang Anemia Pada Rema Putri DI SMA Negeri 4 Kota Bengkulu. 2020.
12. Indriasari R, Mansur MA, Rachmat M. Comprehensive knowledge and supports from closest relatives are crucial to improve awareness and participation of Indonesian adolescent girls in anemia prevention program. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2024 Oct;36(5):513–21.
13. Mulya Y, Yeni J F, Eldarni E, Masnur A. Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Video Animasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman. Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals J. 2024 Nov;5(6):6764–71.
14. Galmarini E, Marciano L, Schulz PJ. The effectiveness of visual-based interventions on health literacy in health care: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Health Serv Res [Internet]. 2024 Jun 11;24(1):718. Available from: https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-024-11138-1
15. Septiana KS, Adnani QES, Susiarno H, Tarawan V, Arya I, Anwar R. The Influence of Anemia Education Media on Increasing Self-Awareness and Compliance in Consuming Iron Supplements in Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Review. Int J Womens Health. 2025 Jul;Volume 17:2277–89.
16. Salsa Andriyani N, Siti Nur Kholifah, Sari Luthfiyah, Dwi Adji Norontoko. Effect of Animated Video Education on Knowledge and Compliance of Fe Tablet Consumption in the Prevention of Anemia in Adolescents. Int J Adv Heal Sci Technol. 2025 Jun;5(3):109–14.
17. Yunanda R, Gumilang L, Martini N, Elba F, Susanti AI. Effectiveness of health education using video in improving knowledge and attitude among adolescent girls. Ber Kedokt Masy. 2019;35(9).
18. Yusmarisnasari, Riza Yuliawati, Amarin Yudhana, Ukik Agustina, Juvita Herdianty. Providing Educational Videos to Improve Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Anemia Prevention For Teenage Females at SMPN 4 Madiun City. Indones J Nutr Epidemiol Reprod. 2024 Sep;7(3):100–4.
19. Sari NN, Setyobudi SI, Tapriadi T. Pengaruh Edukasi Gizi Mengenai Anemia Dengan Media Video Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Remaja Putri Di SMAN 1 Nganjuk. Nutr J. 2022 Aug;1(2):43.
20. Aisah S, Ismail S, Margawati A. Animated educational video using health belief model on the knowledge of anemia prevention among female adolescents: An intervention study. Malaysian Fam Physician. 2022 Nov;17(3):97–104.
21. Mayer RE, editor. The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning. Cambridge University Press; 2014.
