Authorship criteria

Napande: Jurnal Bidan, published by Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu, is committed to maintaining transparency, accountability, ethical conduct, and integrity in scholarly authorship. The journal follows internationally recognized principles of responsible authorship to ensure that authorship accurately reflects the intellectual contributions of individuals involved in research and scholarly activities related to midwifery, maternal and child health, reproductive health, family planning, community health, and midwifery education.

Authorship must be based on substantial scholarly contributions to the research and manuscript preparation. All individuals listed as authors must meet the following four criteria:

1. Substantial Contributions

Authors must have made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the study; the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of research data; or other essential intellectual aspects of the work.

2. Manuscript Preparation or Critical Revision

Authors must participate in drafting the manuscript or critically revising it for important intellectual content. Contributions limited to language editing, proofreading, administrative assistance, or routine technical support do not independently qualify an individual for authorship.

3. Final Approval

All authors must review and approve the final version of the manuscript before submission or publication and agree to be accountable for the work.

4. Accountability and Integrity

All authors must agree to be accountable for their contributions and to help ensure that questions concerning the accuracy, validity, or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Individuals who do not meet all four criteria should not be listed as authors but may be acknowledged appropriately for their contributions, with their permission.

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS

All authors are required to provide a transparent and accurate description of their individual contributions to the research and manuscript.

Napande: Jurnal Bidan encourages the use of the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) to describe contributions using standardized roles, where applicable. These roles may include:

  • Conceptualization: Formulating the research idea and objectives.

  • Methodology: Developing the research design and methods.

  • Investigation: Conducting the research and collecting data.

  • Data Curation: Organizing, documenting, and managing research data.

  • Formal Analysis: Applying statistical or other analytical methods to the data.

  • Validation: Verifying the reliability and reproducibility of research findings or methods.

  • Writing – Original Draft: Preparing the initial manuscript.

  • Writing – Review and Editing: Critically reviewing and revising the manuscript.

  • Supervision: Providing research leadership and academic supervision.

  • Project Administration: Coordinating research activities and project implementation.

  • Funding Acquisition: Obtaining financial support for the research.

  • Resources: Providing essential materials, equipment, facilities, or other research resources.

Authors should select only the roles that accurately reflect their actual contributions. The assignment of a CRediT role does not automatically qualify an individual for authorship; all authors must meet the journal's authorship criteria.

The corresponding author must ensure that the contribution statement is complete, accurate, and approved by all authors before submission.

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR

The corresponding author serves as the primary contact between the authors and the editorial office throughout submission, peer review, revision, and publication.

The corresponding author is responsible for:

  1. Ensuring that the manuscript complies with the journal's submission requirements and publication ethics policies.

  2. Confirming that all listed authors meet the authorship criteria.

  3. Ensuring that all authors have reviewed and approved the submitted manuscript, the author list, and the order of authorship.

  4. Communicating editorial decisions, reviewer comments, revision requests, and publication-related information to all co-authors.

  5. Submitting accurate declarations regarding research ethics, conflicts of interest, funding, author contributions, and the use of artificial intelligence, where applicable.

  6. Ensuring that all co-authors approve the final revised manuscript before publication.

  7. Responding to editorial inquiries and cooperating with the journal in resolving questions concerning authorship, research integrity, or the published article.

The corresponding author does not automatically have greater scholarly credit than other authors. Authorship order should reflect the authors' agreed contributions and the conventions of the relevant research discipline.

AUTHOR ORDER AND CHANGES IN AUTHORSHIP

The order of authors should be determined collectively by the authors based on their scholarly contributions and the conventions of their discipline. All authors must agree to the author list and order before manuscript submission.

Any addition, removal, or rearrangement of authors after submission must be supported by a written explanation and the written consent of all affected authors, including any individual being added or removed. The corresponding author must submit the request to the editorial office for consideration.

Changes in authorship are subject to review and approval by the Editorial Board. The journal may request supporting documentation or additional clarification when necessary.

Authorship changes will not be approved solely to recognize an individual's institutional position, seniority, supervisory role, financial contribution, or administrative authority without qualifying scholarly contributions.

Authors must not engage in guest authorship, gift authorship, honorary authorship, or ghost authorship. All individuals who meet the authorship criteria should be appropriately credited, and individuals who do not meet the criteria should not be included in the author list.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Individuals or organizations that contribute to the research but do not meet all authorship criteria may be recognized in the Acknowledgments section, with their permission.

Appropriate acknowledgment may include technical assistance, administrative support, language editing, access to research facilities, assistance with participant recruitment, or other contributions that do not constitute qualifying scholarly authorship.

Financial support and research grants should be reported in the Funding section. Individuals who provide general supervision or institutional support should not automatically be listed as authors unless they meet all authorship criteria.

Acknowledgment must not be used as a substitute for authorship or to imply endorsement of the manuscript without consent.

USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AUTHORSHIP AND MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, including generative AI systems, cannot be listed as authors or co-authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and accountability of scholarly work.

Authors who use AI-assisted technologies during manuscript preparation must comply with the journal's applicable AI disclosure policy. Where disclosure is required, authors should identify the tool used and explain its purpose, such as language editing, grammar correction, manuscript organization, or other relevant assistance.

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, validity, and integrity of all manuscript content, including content generated or revised with AI assistance.

AI tools must not be used to fabricate or falsify data, generate misleading research findings, create unverified references, misrepresent research procedures, or compromise participant confidentiality. Authors must independently verify scientific claims, statistical interpretations, references, and other material produced with AI assistance.

AI tools must not replace the authors' intellectual contributions, scientific judgment, or responsibility for research design, data interpretation, and conclusions.

The use of AI does not confer authorship eligibility on the tool or remove the accountability of the human authors.

AUTHORSHIP DISPUTES AND EDITORIAL ACTION

Napande: Jurnal Bidan reserves the right to request clarification or supporting documentation concerning authorship, author contributions, changes in authorship, or the use of AI tools when necessary to protect publication ethics and scientific integrity.

If an authorship dispute arises, the journal may suspend editorial processing while the matter is investigated. The journal may request that the authors resolve the dispute through their affiliated institutions or appropriate institutional authorities.

Where evidence of inappropriate authorship, undisclosed conflicts, fabricated contributions, or other publication ethics violations is identified, the journal will take appropriate action in accordance with its publication ethics policies and applicable editorial guidance.

All authors are expected to cooperate with the journal in resolving such matters transparently and responsibly.

By submitting a manuscript to Napande: Jurnal Bidan, authors confirm that the information regarding authorship and individual contributions is accurate, that all listed authors have approved the submission, and that they accept responsibility for the integrity of the work.